All You Need To Know About Python List

What Is Python?

Python is a general-purpose programming language that is often applied to scripting roles. Scripting languages tend to be limiting, but Python, on the other hand, is an uncomplicated and robust programming language that delivers both the power and complexity of traditional style. Python is designed to be very efficient in writing and especially to read.

Introduction To Python List

A Python list is a collection of zero or more elements. An element of the list can be any data. It can be string, numerical, or a combination of both types. A list in python is like an array in C or Java. Lists are mutable- that is, you can change their content-and they have many useful specialized methods.

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How To Create A Python List?

A Python list is created by adding elements in the square brackets [ ]. 

For example:

num = [1, 2, 3, 4]

letter = [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’]

Fig: Create the Python List

These lists can contain elements of different types.

Access Elements From List

Every Python list starts with the index ‘0’. We can access the elements by specifying the index number. For example: To access elements in the list, we provide the index (as integer) inside the square brackets ( [ ] ) as given below. 

Fig: Access elements from starting of the list

To access the elements from the end we use negative indexing. -1 means the last element. -2 the second last element and so on. For instance, if you want to access the 4th element from the ending of the list named mix, you write mix[-4]. 

Fig: Access the elements from ending of the list

You can also access the elements from a specific range. To get elements from index 1 to index 3 from the list mix, you should write mix[1:4].

Fig: Access the elements from a specific range

Remember that the first item is position 0. 

Note: The search will start at index 1 (included) and end at index 4 (not included)

If the starting value is left out, the range will begin from the starting element. For instance:

Fig: Get elements from Index 0

Change And Add Elements To The List

In a Python list, the element value can be changed by specifying the index number and replacing it with a new value. For instance:

Fig: To change the element in Python List

For adding new elements to a list in Python,  you can use the ‘append ()’ method or ‘insert ()’ method. 

1. Using the Append () Method

The append() method adds the element to the end of the list. For example:

  Fig: Adding element by using append () method

2. Using the Insert () Method

If you want to insert an element at a specific index, you should use the insert () method. 

For instance:

Fig: Add element using insert () method

Delete Elements From A List

There are two ways of removing elements from a list:

1. Delete specified elements we use remove () method.

Suppose you want to delete the item “get” from the list “mix”. We write it as mix.remove(“get”).

Fig: To delete element by using remove ()

2. To remove the element from specific index we use del () method

Syntax: del list_name [index]

Fig: Deleting element using the del () method

Check If The Item Exists In List

You can check if the particular element exists in the list or not. The following example can be used to perform the same:

Fig: Check if the item exists in the list

Check The Length of The List

You can check the number of items in the list by using ‘len ()’ method

Fig: To check the number of items in the list

To Join The Two List

There are several ways to join two lists, and the easiest method is to use the ‘ + ‘ operator. This can be done in the following way:

Fig: Join two Python lists

Built-in Functions In Python List

Python consists of some in-built functions that we can use.

Here are some examples of the functions that are mentioned in the table:

1. Clear ()

The clear() function removes all the elements from the list.

Syntax: mix.clear ()

Fig: Clear a Python list

2. Copy ()

The copy() function returns a copy of all the items in a list.

Syntax: new_list = mix.copy()

Fig: Copy one Python list to another list

3. reverse ()

The reverse method prints the items in a list in the reverse order.

Syntax:  list.reverse ()

Fig: Reverse a Python List

3. index ()

The index method returns the index of the specified item in a list.

Syntax: list.index(element)

Fig: Find the index in a list

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Conclusion

In this article, we have discussed the Python list and all the essential operations that we can perform. The list is an important data structure that plays a crucial role in learning the basics of python.