The technologies that enable the Internet tend to change, progress and evolve at rapid speeds, as requirements change and developers build better versions of the software. Angular is a case in point, with wide changes in just a few years. Google developed AngularJS in 2009 and version 1.0 was released in 2012. Angular has since dominated the world of open-source JavaScript frameworks, with the enthusiastic support and widespread adoption among both enterprises and individuals. As a result, Angular has evolved from the AngularJS version 1.0 to Angular version 2.0 and now the latest Angular version 4.0, all in just five years.
Despite the potential benefits of the upgrades, some in the Angular community have concerns about migrating to a newer version. Keep reading to find out what has changed in Angular and why migrating to the latest version is a good idea.
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What is Angular?
Angular is an open-source, JavaScript framework written in TypeScript. Google maintains it and provides a standard structure for developers to work within it. Angular makes use of HTML syntax to define the components of your program clearly. It enables developers to build large applications in a maintainable manner.
Types of Angular Versions
Before we dive into the differences, let’s first clarify each angular version with a description:
-
AngularJS
is an open-source, JavaScript-based, front-end web application framework for dynamic web app development. It utilizes HTML as a template language. By extending HTML attributes with directives and binding data to HTML with expressions, AngularJS creates an environment that is readable, extraordinarily expressive and quick to develop. -
Angular 2
is the blanket term used to refer to Angular 2, Angular 4 and all other versions that come after AngularJS. Both Angular 2 and 4 are open-source, TypeScript-based front-end web application platforms. -
Angular 4
is the latest version of Angular. Although Angular 2 was a complete rewrite of AngularJS, there are no major differences between Angular 2 and Angular 4. Angular 4 is only an improvement and is backward compatible with Angular 2.
Difference Between AngularJs and Angular Versions
Below is a comparison of AngularJS to Angular, because Angular includes both version 2 and version 4. We compare architecture, language, expression syntax, mobile support, and routing.
1. Architecture
AngularJS
The architecture of AngularJS is based on the model-view-controller (MVC) design. The model is the central component that expresses the application's behavior and manages its data, logic, and rules. The view generates an output based on the information in the model. The controller accepts input, converts it into commands and sends the commands to the model and the view.
Angular
Angular uses components and directives. Components are directives with a template.
Angular 2
In Angular 2, controllers and $scope were replaced by components and directives. Components are directives with a template. They deal with a view of the application and logic on the page. There are two kinds of directives in Angular 2. These are structural directives that alter the layout of the DOM by removing and replacing its elements, and attributive directives that change the behavior or appearance of a DOM element.
In Angular 4, the structural derivatives ngIf and ngFor have been improved, and you can use if/else design syntax in your templates.
2. Language
AngularJS
AngularJS is written in JavaScript.
Angular versions
Angular uses Microsoft’s TypeScript language, which is a superset of JavaScript. This has advantages like type declarations, and the benefits of ES6, like iterators and lambdas
Angular 4 is compatible with the most recent versions of TypeScript that have powerful type checking and object-oriented features.
3. Expression Syntax
AngularJS
To bind an image/property or an event with AngularJS, you have to remember the right ng directive.
Angular versions
Angular focuses on “( )” for event binding and “[ ]” for property binding.
4. Mobile Support
AngularJS was not built with mobile support in mind, but Angular, Angular 2 and 4 feature mobile support.
5. Routing
AngularJS uses $routeprovider.when() to configure routing while Angular uses @RouteConfig{(…)}.
6. Performance
AngularJS was originally developed for designers, not developers. Although there were a few evolutionary improvements in its design, they were not enough to fulfill developer requirements. The later versions, Angular 2 and Angular 4, have been upgraded to provide an overall improvement in performance, especially in speed and dependency injection.
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Speed
By providing features like 2-way binding, AngularJS reduced the development effort and time. However, by creating more processing on the client-side, page load was taking considerable time. Angular2 provides a better structure to more easily create and maintain big applications and a better change detection mechanism. Angular 4 is the fastest version yet.
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Dependency Injection
Angular implements unidirectional tree-based change detection and uses the Hierarchical Dependency Injection system. This significantly boosts performance for the framework.
Have a look at the table below for a concise report on the differences between Angular and AngularJS
Feature |
AngularJS |
Angular |
|
Architecture |
Uses the Model-View-Controller |
Uses Components |
|
Language |
Written in JavaScript |
Angular is completely written in TypeScript |
|
Mobile Support |
Doesn’t support mobile browsers |
Supports mobile browsers |
|
Expression Syntax |
Uses the ng-Directive |
Focuses on “( )” for event binding and “[ ]” for property binding |
|
Dependency Injection |
Doesn’t use Dependency Injection |
Uses Dependency Injection |
|
Routing |
AngularJS uses $routeprovider.when() |
Angular uses @RouteConfig{(…)}. |
|
Speed |
By creating more processing on the client-side, page load takes considerable time |
Provides a better structure and is faster |
Advantages and Disadvantages of AngularJs and Angular Versions
Because they are Google products, all Angular versions are trustworthy and enjoy great support from Google engineers and the large community of Angular users and developers. However, each angular version has its own advantages and disadvantages.
1. AngularJS
Advantages
- It is unit testing ready.
- It has great MVC data binding that makes app development fast.
- Using HTML as a declarative language makes it very intuitive.
- It is a comprehensive solution for rapid front-end development since it does not need any other frameworks or plugins.
- AngularJS apps can run on every significant program and advanced cells including iOS and Android-based phones and tablets.
Disadvantages
- It is big and complicated due to the multiple ways of doing the same thing.
- Implementations scale poorly.
- If a user of an AngularJS application disables JavaScript, nothing but the basic page is visible.
- There’s a lagging UI if there are more than 200 watchers.
2. Angular 2
Advantages
- TypeScript allows code optimization using the OOPS concept.
- It is mobile-oriented.
- It has improved dependency injection and modularity.
- It provides more choice for languages such as Dart, TypeScript, ES5, and ES6 for writing codes.
- It offers simpler routing.
Disadvantages
- It is more complicated to set up compared to AngularJS.
- It’s inefficient if you only need to create simple, small web apps.
3. Angular 4
Advantages
- It enables a fast development process.
- It’s ideal for single-page web applications with an extended interface.
- Full TypeScript support helps in building bulky applications.
- Tests are easy to write.
- An improved View Engine generates less code in AOT mode.
- It has a modularized animation package.
Disadvantages
- It’s slow when displaying enormous amounts of data.
Conclusion
Obviously, AngularJS is still useful or else everyone would have migrated to Angular 2 or 4 by now. Each version of Angular has significant benefits, but there is much to gain in being up-to-date with the latest version. Angular is decidedly faster than AngularJS, has a mobile-driven approach, executes better with components, and enables smoother migration from earlier versions. If you are comfortable with one version of Angular, switching to another should be easy for you—and well worth the effort.
