49 Mulesoft Interview Questions and Answers for 2023

Mulesoft Interview Questions for Freshers

1. What is a Mule?

Mule is a lightweight, java-based ESB and integration framework. It is the runtime engine of the Anypoint platform that allows developers to connect applications effortlessly.

2. What are the different tools and services offered by MuleSoft?

MuleSoft tools and services include:

1. Anypoint Platform 
2. Studio, Exchange, Connectors, and Data Graph
3. Flex Gateway, API Governance, Monitoring, and API Management
4. Courses and certifications
5. Business Values Services

3. What is Mule ESB?

Mule ESB is an Enterprise Service Platform that you can deploy anywhere. It can manage events in real-time and in batches and has universal connectivity.

4. What are Batch Jobs in Mule ESB?

You can process messages in batches using Mule ESB. In an application, you first initiate a batch job scope. It then splits messages into records and acts upon each of them. Finally, it reports results and pushes the output to systems or queues. 

5. What are the different types of variables in MuleSoft?

There are three primary variable types in MuleSoft:

1. Flow variable: Sets or removes variables tied to a message in the current flow.
2. Record variable: Special variable used only inside Batch Jobs.
3. Session variables: Sets or removes variables tied to a message in the entire lifecycle.

6. What are the different types of messages in MuleSoft?

There are three primary types of messages:

1. Echo and log messages: Used for logging and moving messages from the inbound to outbound routers.
2. Bridge messages: They are the passed messages from inbound to outbound routers.
3. Build messages: Created from fixed or dynamic values.

7. What are the different primitives used in mediation?

Different primitives used in mediation are:

1. Message Filter
2. Type Filter
3. Endpoint Lookup
4. Service Invoke
5. Fan-out
6. Fan-in
7. XSLT
8. BO Map
9. Message Element Setter
10. DB lookup
11. Data Handler
12. Custom Mediation
13. Header Setters
14. Message Logger
15. Even Emitter
16. Stop
17. Fail

8. What is a shared resource in Mule?

Shared resources are the common resources that different development teams can use. All applications deployed under the same domain can use these resources. First, you must define these resources in the Mule Domain Project and refer them to each project where you will use their elements. 

9. What are the Models in MuleSoft studio?

Models are the grouped services in MuleSoft studio. You can use them to start and stop the services inside a model. 

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10. What are connectors in Mule?

Connectors are abstractions for sending and receiving data. They also interact with the APIs. The two types of connectors are

1. Transport: these are sources and sinks of data, like the transport layer in HTTP protocol.
2. Cloud Connectors: You use these to interact with APIs; they reduce the initial troubles of the developers by combining operations of an API with the connectors.

11. What is a runtime manager in a mule?

Runtime manager deployed and managed Mule applications. You can deploy, pause, and change app versions and worker sizes. 

12. What is a worker in MuleSoft?

Worker refers to the dedicated instance of a Mule hosted on AWS used to run integrated applications. Its features are

1. Capacity
2. Isolation
3. Manageability
4. Locality

13. What is Mule Runtime?

Mule Runtime is the runtime engine to run Mule applications, like an application server. You can provision them on the premises or in the cloud; It can host multiple applications.

14. How is Reliability achieved in MuleSoft?

To achieve reliability or zero message loss, you must design applications that can capture the state of an instance. For transactional support, like Java Message Service (JMS), Virtual machine (VM), etc., the built-in support gives reliable messaging. 

15. How can we improve the performance of the Mule Application in MuleSoft?

Ways to improve the performance of Mule Applications:

1. Data validation must be at the start of the flow
2. Use of streaming for data processing
3. Save and reuse the results of an application
4. Asynchronous data processing wherever possible

16. How can code in MuleSoft be optimized for memory efficiency?

To optimize the MuleSoft code:

1. Avoid payload in the flow variable
2. Avoid loading the unnecessary part of the document
3. Better database polling in highly concurrent scenarios
4. Use of Dataweave for transformations

17. What are the flow processing strategies and their types?

FLow processing strategy determines how Mule implements message processing. Its types are:

1. Synchronous 
2. Asynchronous
3. Queued
4. Queued Asynchronous
5. Custom 
6. Thread-per-processor
7. Non Blocking

MuleSoft Interview Questions for Experienced

18. What do you mean by Flow in Mule?

A flow is the sequence of the message processors. In a flow, we combine multiple processors to handle a message's receipt, processing, and routing.

19. What is Subflow in a mule?

Subflows are scopes using which you can group event processors, like main flows. However, they lack event sources and error handling scope. A subflow improves the application performance.

20. What is the difference between a flow and a subflow?

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21. What is a Mule transformer?

Mule transformers prepare a message by altering its contents. You can use a prebuilt transformer for data conversion. For example, you can use an XML-to-Object transformer to convert an XML message to a Java object.

22. What are the advantages of MuleSoft?

Advantages of MuleSoft:

1. It is lightweight but highly scalable
2. MuleSoft can change effortlessly
3. It is a vendor-neutral solution
4. Reusable application components

23. What are the available resources used for modularizing configuration in Mule?

The following resources are available for modularizing configurations in Mule:

1. Independent configuration
2. Inherited configuration
3. Imported Configuration
4. Heterogeneous Configuration

24. How are the messages in Mule composed?

A message in Mule has four different parts:

1. Payload: The main context
2. Properties: The meta information
3. Multiple Name Attachments: Used for multipart messages
4. Exceptional Payload: Holds error

25. What are the configuration patterns provided by MuleSoft?

Configuration patterns make things easier to use. You have the following configuration patterns in MuleSoft:

1. Bridge
2. Validator
3. WS Proxy
4. Simple Service Pattern
5. HTTP Proxy

26. What is the use of Filter in Mule?

Filters help in making smart decisions for message delivery. Filters give sight to the router by analyzing a message. The filter expressions can be true or false. If true, the value gets stored in the output array; otherwise, the program discards it. 

27. What is a Mule Data Integrator?

The Mule Data Integrator is a data visualization mapping tool that provides drag-and-drop features to create code. It solves moving, transforming, and consolidating information from various parts of the enterprise. 

28. What do you mean by SOAP, and what are some of the advantages of it?

SOAP is the Simple Object Access Protocol. You use this protocol when exchanging structured information. Its uses are

1. When web service talks with a client
2. When you need a lightweight protocol
3. When you need to interchange data among various applications
4. When you have to work with different programming languages
5. When you don't want to customize the World Wide Web

29. What are the parameters to configure a scheduler?

The parameters to configure a scheduler are

1. Frequency: how frequently do you want to do something.
2. Start Delay: how later do you want to start the task after setting the scheduler.
3. Time Unit: it specifies the unit of time (hours, seconds, etc.).

30. What do you mean by correlation context?

Mediation primitives use correlation context when they want to pass values from the request message onto the response.

31. What is fan-in?

The number of inputs a logic gate has is the fan-in; physical logic gates with a large fan-in are slower than those with a small fan-in.

32. What is fan-out?

Fan-out is the number of logic gates connected to a driving gate. It is the maximum number possible without degrading the normal operation. 

33. Mention the features of a Mule ESB.

Features of a Mule ESB:

1. Simple drag-and-drop design
2. capable of visual data mapping and transformation
3. 100s of pre-built certified connectors
4. Centralized monitoring and administration
5. API management
6. Secure Data Gateway for cloud/on-premise connectivity
7. Web-based management console

34. Mention the basic principles of ESB integration

The basic principles of ESB integration are:

1. Orchestration: Synchronizing two or more services
2. Transformation: Transforming data to an application-specific format
3. Transportation: Handling transfer protocols
4. Mediation: Multiple interfaces for multiple versions
5. Non-functional Consistency: A mechanism for managing transactions and security

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35. What is the Mule Expression Language?

A Mule-specific lightweight language for manipulating the contents of a message. It gives you a standardized method for evaluating expressions in Mule. 

36. List various endpoints in Mule.

Various endpoint in Mule are:

1. Source at Host
2. Target at Host
3. Receive from Partners
4. Send to Partners

37. What is the expansion of SDO?

The expansion of SDO is Service Data Object.

38. Mention the different types of exception handling.

Different types of exception handling:

1. Catch exception strategy
2. Reference exception strategy
3. Choice exception strategy
4. Rollback Exception Strategy

39. What are the advantages of an ESB?

Advantages of an ESB:

1. Integration becomes more flexible
2. Management becomes centralized
3. Avoiding custom code for every integration

40. What is the transient context?

Transient context is used when passing qualities between mediation primitives inside the current flow. It could be the request flow or the response flow.

41. What is API?

API stands for Application Programming Interface which helps two programs communicate. 

42. What are the features of API?

Features of modern API:

1. They adhere to standards like HTTPS.
2. They are more of a product than a code.
3. They have more robust security because of adhering to standards.
4. An API has its software development lifecycle. 

43. What is Payload in MuleSoft?

The payload in MuleSoft is the content of the message. It changes as it travels in the flow. The message processors will enhance it, transform it, extract information from it, or store it to create a new payload. 

44. What are the features of MUnit?

Features of Mule MUnit:

1. Design and test Mule applications and APIs
2. Integrate testing into CI/CD process
3. Autogenerated Tests
4. Make testing more efficient through the CI process 

45. What is a Scatter-Gather router?

The Scatter-Gather router processes a Mule event through different parallel processing routes. You can use it to multicast a single message to several routes and identify which route causes problems. 

46. What is a choice router?

In the choice router, the message gets routed according to DataWeave expressions that evaluate the content. Each expression has different routing options.

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47. What are the advantages of the Logger Component?

The logger component logs error messages, status notifications, payloads, etc. It helps you:

1. monitor Mule applications
2.  debug Mule applications

48. List various the categories of Mule Processors

Categories of Mule processors:

1. Connectors
2. Components
3. Filters
4. Routers
5. Scopes
6. Transformers
7. Exception Strategies
8. Business Events

49. What is RAML?

RAML stands for RESTful API Modeling Language; it helps you manage the API lifecycle. It is concise and reusable. 

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Is MuleSoft hard to learn?

You can use various scripts, like Python, Java, etc. So, if you understand the basics of programming, you can learn MuleSoft. In addition, there are various online resources to learn. 

2. Why is MuleSoft famous?

MuleSoft is famous because it saves time and makes production more accessible. It does this by helping you create connected experiences. And you can use each integration repeatedly.

3. Is MuleSoft a good career?

Demand for MuleSoft professionals is increasing continuously. Therefore, it is a good career choice. Anypoint Platform is the most demanded platform by MuleSoft. 

4. Does MuleSoft require coding?

The coding requirement for MuleSoft is minimal. You mainly need coding for data transformation. For this, you use MuleSoft's DataWeave. There are various drag-and-drop features for the actual implementation. 

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