GitLab was America's fourth fastest-growing private software company in 2018. The company provides a central server that manages Git repositories and is used to simplify the administration tasks of many corporations worldwide. According to Wikipedia, GitLab has over 100,000 users and is used by large, well-known organizations such as IBM, Sony, Goldman Sachs, and NASA.

This GitLab tutorial includes the following topics:

1. What is Git?
2. What is GitLab?
3. History of Gitlab 
4. Why use GitLab? 
5. Demo - the first project in GitLab
6. Features  of Gitlab 
7. Advantages  of Gitlab 
8. Disadvantages of Gitlab

Before we get into GitLab's details, let's first get an understanding of its relevance by taking a look at a use case—Goldman Sachs.

Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. is a multinational investment bank and financial services company, providing services in investment management, securities, asset management, prime brokerage, and security underwriting. The organization has offices in many major financial centers around the world and operates with over 38,000 employees.

Even huge organizations like Goldman Sachs face their unique issues and obstacles. Some of the most significant challenges faced by Goldman Sachs were:

Challenges

1. To increase software quality and developer efficiency, enable concurrent development activities, and achieve faster development cycles.
2. To find a tool that could remove toolchain complexity and manage everything in one user interface (UI).

Solution

GitLab to the rescue!

GitLab helped the engineering teams remove toolchain complexity and accelerate DevOps adoption. It enabled the team to develop an application that allowed Goldman Sachs' developers to manage all efforts with one UI and simplified the administration by employing one centralized instance for all repositories.

Now that you've seen one example of GitLab's applicability, let's focus on its basics. To best grasp GitLab's basics, we must begin by understanding the "Git" part of the name.

What is Git?

Git is a version control system used to track changes in computer files. Git's primary purpose is to manage any changes made in one or more projects over a given period of time. It helps coordinate work among members of a project team and tracks progress over time. Git also helps both programming professionals and non-technical users by monitoring their project files. 

Git can handle projects of any size. It allows multiple users to work together without having affecting each other's work. 

Now that we've been briefed on Git's basics, let's take a look at the hosting repository, GitLab.

What is GitLab?

GitLab is a web-based Git repository that provides free open and private repositories, issue-following capabilities, and wikis. It is a complete DevOps platform that enables professionals to perform all the tasks in a project—from project planning and source code management to monitoring and security. Furthermore, it allows teams to collaborate and build better software. 

GitLab helps teams reduce product lifecycles and increase productivity, which in turn creates value for customers. The application doesn't require users to manage authorizations for each tool. If permissions are set once, then everyone in the organization has access to every component.

To access more functionalities, customers can opt for the paid version of GitLab, starting at $4 per user, per month.

History of GitLab

GitLab was originally a fully free and open-source software distributed under the MIT License. It was split into two distinct versions - GitLab CE (Community Edition) and GitLab EE (Enterprise Edition) in July 2013. GitLab EE was set under a restricted license but the source code remained publicly visible, whereas the GitLab CE licensing model remained unchanged. In 2017, GitLab announced that their code would become fully open-sourced under an MIT License. 

Why Use GitLab?

The main benefit of using GitLab is that it allows all the team members to collaborate in every phase of the project. GitLab offers tracking from planning to creation to help developers automate the entire DevOps lifecycle and achieve the best possible results. More and more developers have started to use GitLab because of its wide features and brick blocks of code availability.

To better understand the basics of GitLab and its functionality, let's have a look at a demo.

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GitLab Tutorial Demo - Making Your First Project in GitLab

Open gitlab.com

Log in to your account.

After logging in, create a new project.

Choose a name, a description, and whether you want it to be private or publicly visible.

Open your Git Bash

For the first step, to configure your user name and email ID.

To configure, use the following commands:

Git config --global user.name "tutorial" Git config --global user.email ishan.gaba@simplilearn.net

Then, create the first repository.

To create a repository in the working directory, use the following commands:

mkdir tutorial cd tutorial

Now you can navigate to this repository, using the following command:

pwd

After navigating to this folder, you will find that the folder is currently empty.

Now it's time to initialize a git repository. To initialize a repository, use the following command:

Git init

You will notice that something called the "master" appears on the screen. Whenever a Git repository is created for the first time, it creates a branch, and it's called the master.

Navigate to the folder, and find the hidden ".git" folder. 

If you check the folder, you can see several directories and configurations. Make sure you don't make any changes to any of the directories.

This is created when a repository is initialized. 

Now, create a notepad for the repository. Later on, you can push that file onto the GitLab repository.

To create a notepad, use the following commands:

touch input.txt notepad input.txt

Notepad will appear on the screen. Type anything inside it, then save and close it.

The next step is to check the status of the file.

git status

This shows that there isn't a file committed yet, and there are untracked files. The untracked files can be seen in red.

Now, add the file to the staging area with the following command:

git add.

The next step is to commit the file. To commit, use the commit command.

git commit -m "input"

Recheck the status of the file.

git status

You'll notice that there are no more commits to be made, as there was a single notepad, and that was committed in the previous step.

Now, it's time to push the notepad onto the GitLab repository.

To accomplish this, go to your GitLab and copy the git remote origin command, as shown below.

After you have done this, go back to your Git Bash and paste the command.

Now use the remote command, followed by the push command, to push the file to the remote repository.

git remote -v

git push -u origin master

Now go to your GitLab and check to see if there are any additions to the new project you initially created.

You can see that the notepad appears there. You can now open and check the contents of the notepad.

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Features of GitLab

GitLab has a rich reserve of Git repository along with several additional features. Here are some of the key features of GitLab:

• It allows powerful CI/CD pipelines
• It has an in-built registry that can be deployed instantly without any configurations
• It can be perfectly integrated with Kubernetes 
• It can import enormous projects and also export other codes in the project

Advantages of GitLab

GitLab Offers a number of advantages for developers. Here are some of the most important advantages of Gitlab:

• Very easy to set up
• User friendly UI and tools
• Allows an unlimited number of free private repositories
• Can integrate many APIs and third party services
• Has very reliable uptime

Disadvantages of GitLab

GitLab can come with its own share of disadvantages as well:

• The UI can be a bit complicated for reviewing 
• The tool itself has a number of bugs which can make it a bit sloppy

Conclusion 

I hope this tutorial has helped you understand the relevance of GitLab. You have learned the basics of Git and its remote repository, GitLab. By the tutorial's end, you saw how GitLab works, thanks to the hands-on demo.

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